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NDT Advance Access published online on April 21, 2009
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, doi:10.1093/ndt/gfp179
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© The Author [2009]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org


Transplantation in type 1 diabetes

Christian Morath and Martin Zeier

Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Christian Morath; E-mail: christian.morath@med.uni-heidelberg.de

Keywords: diabetes; kidney; pancreas; transplantation

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.



   Introduction
 
In the clinical course, type 1 diabetic patients suffer from several micro- and macrovascular complications and usually have progressive renal impairment. For these patients, several transplant strategies are available. These include kidney transplantation, pancreas transplantation and clinical islet transplantation, either alone, in a combined procedure or in a sequential approach [1,2]. Herein we give a short overview on transplantation strategies in type 1 diabetes. We focus on new aspects in simultaneous pancreas–kidney transplantation and the effects of normoglycaemia (achieved by a functioning pancreas allograft) on diabetic complications as well as patient and kidney graft survival.



   Transplantation strategies in type 1 diabetic patients
 
In the USA, 78% of all pancreas transplants are simultaneous pancreas–kidney transplants, 16% are pancreas after kidney transplants and 7% are pancreas transplants alone. Outside the USA, a clear majority of pancreas transplants are performed as combined transplants (91%) as compared to pancreas after kidney transplantation and pancreas transplantation alone (4% each) (International . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Simultaneous pancreas–kidney transplantation
Pancreas transplantation
Clinical islet transplantation


   Impact of glycaemic control on diabetic lesions
 


   Impact of glycaemic control on renal allograft and patient survival
 


   Summary
 

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