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NDT Advance Access published online on March 18, 2009
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, doi:10.1093/ndt/gfp115
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© The Author [2009]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org


Nephrocalcinosis: new insights into mechanisms and consequences

Benjamin A. Vervaet, Anja Verhulst, Patrick C. D'Haese and Marc E. De Broe

Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Pathophysiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Patrick C. D'Haese; e-mail: Patrick.Dhaese@ua.ac.be

Keywords: crystal formation; crystal retention; nephrocalcinosis; nephrolithiasis; Randall's plaque

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

The most common form of renal stone disease, calcium nephrolithiasis, is defined as the presentation of a macroscopic concrement of inorganic (calcium phosphate and/or calcium phosphate) and organic material in the renal calyces and/or pelvis, either adhered to the papillae or pelvic urothelium or not. In search of the mechanism underlying calcium nephrolithiasis, in vitro and in vivo studies and observations in human biopsies have shown the presence of two distinct types of renal microscopical crystal deposition processes; one taking place within the tubular lumen (intratubular nephrocalcinosis), and the other in the interstitium (interstitial nephrocalcinosis). Recent observations, however, strongly suggest that nephrocalcinosis and calcium nephrolithiasis are to be considered two independent pathologies and that nephrocalcinosis may cause calcium nephrolithiasis only in particular conditions. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the mechanisms involved in both types of nephrocalcinosis (intratubular and interstitial), their possible . . . [Full Text of this Article]



   Intratubular nephrocalcinosis
 
Mechanisms of intratubular nephrocalcinosis
Consequences of intratubular nephrocalcinosis


   Interstitial nephrocalcinosis
 
Mechanisms of interstitial nephrocalcinosis
Consequences of interstitial nephrocalcinosis


   Concluding paragraph
 

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Home page
 Nephrol Dial TransplantHome page
B. A. Vervaet, P. C. D'Haese, M. E. De Broe, and A. Verhulst
Crystalluric and tubular epithelial parameters during the onset of intratubular nephrocalcinosis: illustration of the 'fixed particle' theory in vivo
Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., December 1, 2009; 24(12): 3659 - 3668.
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