NDT Advance Access published online on April 17, 2009
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, doi:10.1093/ndt/gfn713
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© The Author [2009]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
The plasticity of progenitor cells—why is it of interest to the nephrologists?
Department of Medicine IV, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
Correspondence and offprint requests to: Ferdinand H. Bahlmann, Department of Medicine IV, University of the Saarland, Kirrbergerstrasse, Geb. 40, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany. Tel: +49-6841-16-21503; Fax: +49-6841-16-23540; E-mail: ferdinand.bahlmann@uniklinikum-saarland.de
Keywords: cardiovascular disease; chronic kidney disease; endothelial dysfunction; endothelial progenitor cells; regeneration
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It is increasingly recognized that chronic kidney disease (CKD) goes in parallel with hypertension and several metabolic disorders such as dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance and hyperuricaemia [1]. These traditional as well as a variety of non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors contribute to accelerated vascular disease resulting into fatal clinical endpoints such as myocardial infarction, cerebro-vascular insults and/or ischaemic events of the lower limbs, which are the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with CKD. In a meta-analysis related to CKD and cardiovascular disease in over 500 000 patients from all continents except Africa, the European Uraemic Toxin work (EUTox) group reported an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality when the creatinine clearance falls below
75 mL/min/1.73 m2 [2]. These findings underline the tremendous risk of patients to suffer from vascular disease even in the early stages of CKD. The search for novel therapeutic strategies to