NDT Advance Access published online on January 21, 2005
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, doi:10.1093/ndt/gfh675
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1 Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry, Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit and Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Background. Most patients on haemodialysis (HD) have to maintain a fluid-restricted diet to prevent a high interdialytic weight gain (IWG). The prevalence of xerostomia (the feeling of a dry mouth) is higher in HD patients than in controls. Recently, we demonstrated that xerostomia and thirst were positively correlated with IWG in HD patients. Thus, this may play a role as a stimulus for fluid intake between dialysis sessions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of chewing gum or a saliva substitute on xerostomia, thirst and IWG. Methods. This study was a randomized two-treatment crossover design with repeated measures. After the use of chewing gum or saliva substitute for 2 weeks, a wash-out period of 2 weeks was introduced and hereafter the other regimen was carried out. Xerostomia and thirst were assessed by validated questionnaires as xerostomia inventory (XI) and dialysis thirst inventory (DTI), at baseline and after each treatment period, as were IWG and salivary flow rates. Results. Sixty-five HD patients (42 men, 54.6±14.1 years; 23 women, 54.7±16.3 years) participated in this study. Chewing gum decreased XI from 29.9±9.5 to 28.1±9.1 (P<0.05). Chewing gum as well as a saliva substitute reduced DTI significantly (P<0.05), but no differences occurred for the average IWG or salivary flow rates. Conclusions. The use of chewing gum and, to a lesser extent, a saliva substitute may alleviate thirst and xerostomia in some HD patients.
Received September 28, 2004
Accepted December 8, 2004
Original Articles
Chewing gum and a saliva substitute alleviate thirst and xerostomia in patients on haemodialysis
2 Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatics, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
3 Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
4 Department of Internal Medicine, Rode Kruis Hospital, The Hague, The Netherlands
5 Stichting DIANET Dialysis Centres, Utrecht, The Netherlands
6 Stichting DIANET Dialysis Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
7 Department of Nephrology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Casper P. Bots, E-mail: c.bots{at}vumc.nl
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