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NDT Advance Access published online on July 20, 2004
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, doi:10.1093/ndt/gfh402
© 2004 by European Renal Association - European Dialysis and Transplant Association
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Received August 1, 2003
Accepted May 12, 2004

Original Article

IGG and complement receptor expression on peripheral white blood cells in uraemic children

Antonia H. M. Bouts 1*, Raymond T. Krediet 2, Jean-Claude Davin 3, Leo A. H. Monnens 4, Jeroen Nauta 5, Cornelis H. Schröder 6, Jan G. J. van de Winkel 7, Theo A. Out 8

1 Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
2 Department of Nephrology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
3 Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
4 Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
5 Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
6 Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, the Netherlands
7 Immunotherapy Laboratory, Department of Immunology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
8 Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; CLB Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: a.h.bouts{at}amc.uva.nl.



  Abstract

Background. Phagocytosis of IgG- or complement-opsonized bacteria and antibody production by lymphocytes are regulated by cell surface receptors for IgG (Fc{gamma}RI, Fc{gamma}RII and Fc{gamma}RIII) and complement (CR1 and CR3). We measured the effect of uraemia and dialysis treatment on Fc{gamma}R and CR expression on leukocytes in blood.

Methods. Blood samples were obtained from children: 40 treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD), 23 with haemodialysis (HD), 46 not yet dialysed (CRF) and 33 healthy (HC). White blood cells, isolated from EDTA-blood by centrifugation after cell fixation with paraformaldehyde, were labelled with FITC-conjugated CD16 (Fc{gamma}RIII), CD32 (Fc{gamma}RII), CD64 (Fc{gamma}RI), CD11b (CR3) and CD35 (CR1) monoclonal antibodies and analysed by flow cytometry.

Results. In PD, HD, CRF and HC, monocytes and neutrophils were all positive for Fc{gamma}R and CR, except for CD16 on monocytes (20% positive). Lymphocytes expressed CD16 and CD32 but not CD64. PD, HD and CRF children had lower percentages of CD16+ and CD32+ lymphocytes compared with HC. The percentage of CD11b+ lymphocytes was lower only in PD and the percentage of CD35+ lymphocytes was lower in HD and CRF compared with HC. The median CD32 mean fluorescense intensity (MFI) on lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils was lower in PD, HD and CRF compared with HC. On the other hand, CD11b MFI on lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils was higher in PD, HD and CRF children compared with HC. CD16 and CD64 MFI were not different among the groups and CD35 MFI was only lower on lymphocytes from PD, HD and CRF compared with HC.

Conclusions. In children with chronic renal failure, whether dialysed or not, Fc{gamma}RII expression on lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils was reduced and CR3 expression was increased. Furthermore, CR1 expression on lymphocytes, important for the humoral response, was lower in children with renal failure. Age and uraemia are associated with these abnormalities and might contribute to impaired immune function in children with chronic renal failure.

Keywords: chronic renal failure; complement receptors; Fc{gamma}R; haemodialysis; immunoglobulin G receptors; peritoneal dialysis.
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