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NDT Advance Access originally published online on May 31, 2007
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2007 22(8):2119-2123; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfm265
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© The Author [2007]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

What adult nephrologists should know about childhood blood pressure

Charlotte Hadtstein and Franz Schaefer

Division of Paediatric Nephrology, Center for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Im Neuenheimer Feld 151, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Franz Schaefer, MD, Division of Paediatric Nephrology, Center for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Im Neuenheimer Feld 151, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Email: franz.schaefer@med.uni-heidelberg.de

Keywords: childhood; blood pressure; tracking

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.



   Introduction
 
A common assumption in cardiovascular medicine is that high blood pressure and other risk factors identified in adult populations only affect the elderly. However, there is increasing evidence that even the blood pressure level attained in childhood has significant short and long term impacts on cardiovascular health. This article reviews the definition, causes and consequences of paediatric hypertension and highlights the relevance of paediatric hypertension for adult cardiovascular health.

Hypertension in childhood
In contrast to adults, most hypertensive children suffer from secondary forms of hypertension, with renal parenchymal disease accounting for at least 75% of cases. Less common forms of secondary hypertension in children are renovascular disease, coarctation of the aorta, endocrine disease and monogenetic inherited forms of hypertension. In practice therefore, hypertensive children are almost exclusively treated by paediatric nephrologists, even if they suffer from essential hypertension. The proportion of essential hypertension varies from 2 to 75% in reported series, depending on . . . [Full Text of this Article]

End-organ damage from childhood hypertension
Tracking of blood pressure — do hypertensive children become hypertensive adults?
How are childhood and adult blood pressure linked?
Influence of childhood hypertension on adult markers of cardiovascular disease
Other childhood influences on adult cardiovascular risk


   Conclusion
 

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