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NDT Advance Access originally published online on July 7, 2007
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2007 22(8):2112-2116; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfm378
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© The Author [2007]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Cisplatin nephropathy: is cytotoxicity avoidable?

M. Shawkat Razzaque

Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

Correspondence and offprint requests to: M. Shawkat Razzaque, MD, PhD, Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Research and Education Building, Room # 304, 190 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Email: mrazzaque@hms.harvard.edu; razzaquems@yahoo.com

Keywords: kidney; cisplatin; JNK pathway

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.



   Introduction
 
Despite the clinical effectiveness of cisplatin as an anti-tumour drug, its nephrotoxic side effect has significantly restricted its use. In spite of prophylactic intensive hydration and forced diuresis, irreversible renal damage occurs in about one third of cisplatin-treated patients. In vivo experimental studies have shown acute cytotoxic effects following cisplatin treatment, mostly affecting tubular epithelial cells. Such cytotoxic responses are followed by renal inflammatory and fibroproliferative events in the cisplatin-injected animals [1–3]. Once within renal cells, cisplatin could abnormally reduce ATPase activity, inflict mitochondrial damage, induce cell cycle arrest and impair cellular transport system. The combined effect of these events can induce apoptosis and/or necrotic cell death [4–7]. Cisplatin disrupts the cellular oxidant defence system to induce DNA damage. Treatment with known anti oxidants such as {alpha}-tocopherol, vitamin C, and N-acetyl cysteine could counter, to some extent, the reactive oxygen species-mediated toxic effects [8. . . [Full Text of this Article]



   Cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity
 


   Modulation of cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity
 


   Conclusion
 

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