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NDT Advance Access originally published online on July 27, 2007
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2007 22(10):2763-2767; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfm477
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© The Author [2007]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org


Effects of fluoridation of community water supplies for people with chronic kidney disease

Marie Ludlow1, Grant Luxton2 and Timothy Mathew1

1Kidney Health Australia, Adelaide, South Australia and 2Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia

Correspondence to: Dr Marie Ludlow, Kidney Health Australia, GPO Box 9993, Adelaide, South Australia 5001. Email: marie.ludlow@kidney.org.au

Keywords: chronic kidney disease; drinking water; end stage kidney disease; fluoride; renal

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.



   Introduction
 
Research on the effects of fluorides on oral health has been in existence for almost a century. Following the observation that communities with naturally fluoridated drinking water had a lower incidence of tooth decay, many developed countries initiated artificial water fluoridation programmes, whereby fluoride is added to the reticulated water supply, such that it reaches approximately one part fluoride per million parts water (ppm) or 1 mg fluoride per litre of water (mg/l). Recent reviews [1–5] summarizing the extensive fluoride literature have concluded that water fluoridation reduces the prevalence of dental decay, and it is estimated that a median of six people need to receive fluoridated water for one extra person to be caries-free [2]. Compared with other methods of systemic fluoridation (including fluoridated sugar, milk or salt, fluoride toothpastes, fluoride supplements), water fluoridation is argued to be the most cost-effective, equitable and safe means to . . . [Full Text of this Article]



   Methods and results
 
Does consumption of fluoridated drinking water increase the risk of developing CKD?
Are there negative health effects for people with CKD who consume fluoridated drinking water?
Are there particular risks of fluorosis for people using fluoridated water for dialysis?


   Conclusion
 

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