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NDT Advance Access originally published online on October 20, 2006
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2007 22(1):32-36; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfl573
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© The Author [2006]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Rituximab in refractory antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis: what is the current evidence?

Christopher F. Wong

Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Aintree, Lower Lane, Liverpool, L9 7AL, UK

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Christopher F. Wong, Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Aintree, Lower Lane, Liverpool, L9 7AL, UK. Email: chriswong@doctors.org.uk

Keywords: ANCA-associated vasculitis; evidence; rituximab

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is recognized as a chronic, relapsing and potentially fatal disease. Cyclophosphamide and steroids remain the mainstay of treatment of AAV [1]. Unfortunately, in up to 10% of patients, disease remains refractory despite conventional therapy [1]. In addition, conventional therapy has some serious side effects and hence limits its long-term use. For these refractory patients and those intolerant of conventional therapy, there are limited therapeutic options. B-lymphocytes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of AAV, by being the precursors of plasma cells (PCs), which produce ANCA [2] and in the formation of granuloma in Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) [3]. Apart from the important role in antibody production, B-cells can also affect other aspects of the immune regulation such as immune response regulation, antigen presentation and cytokine production. This has been recognized in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis . . . [Full Text of this Article]



   B-cells -> ANCA -> AAV
 

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