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NDT Advance Access originally published online on October 5, 2006
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2007 22(1):28-31; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfl582
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© The Author [2006]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Sleep apnoea in end-stage renal disease: a short review of mechanisms and potential benefit from its treatment

Indranil Chakravorty1, Manu Shastry2 and Ken Farrington3

1Department of Respiratory Medicine, 2Medicine and 3Department of Renal Medicine, East & North Herts NHS Trust, Lister Hospital, Stevenage, Herts, UK

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Dr I. Chakravorty, Department of Respiratory Medicine (L118), East & North Herts NHS Trust, Lister Hospital, Coreys Mill Lane, Stevenage, Herts SG1 4AB, UK. Email: Indranil.chakravorty@nhs.net

Keywords: atrial natriuretic peptide; brain natriuretic peptide; chronic heart failure; continuous positive airway pressure; end-stage renal disease; sleep apnoea

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.



   Introduction
 
Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), even with adequate renal replacement therapy have a high mortality, primarily from cardiovascular causes, often including heart failure [1]. Sleep studies in ESRD patients have identified increased prevalence of sleep apnoea (SA), both obstructive and central in origin [2]. The presence of untreated SA may further impair fluid balance, cardiovascular function and increase mortality through abnormal vagal or sympathomimetic responses and hypoxia [3].

The availability of brain and atrial natriuretic peptides (BNP/ANP) assessments has opened up possibilities for identifying patients with impaired fluid balance and cardiovascular function [4], who may be at greater risk. The availability of simple and relatively inexpensive [5] treatment options for SA such as continuous positive airways pressure devices (CPAP) [6] may improve survival in these patients, if diagnosed and treated appropriately [7].



   Sleep apnoea
 
SA may be . . . [Full Text of this Article]



   Sleep studies
 


   Treatment options
 


   Homoeostasis in SA
 


   SA in end-stage renal disease
 


   Potential benefits from treatment of SA in ESRD
 

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