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NDT Advance Access originally published online on February 27, 2006
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2006 21(5):1170-1173; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfl055
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© The Author [2006]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org


Editorial Review

Induction of tolerance in clinical organ transplantation

F. Fändrich

Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 7, 24105 Kiel, Germany

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Prof. Dr med. F. Fändrich, FRCS, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 7, 24105 Kiel, Germany. Email: ffaendrich@surgery.uni-kiel.de

Keywords: mixed chimerism; regulatory cells; tolerance

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.



   Introduction
 
Human organ transplantation is still less than fully beneficial because of the need for continual immunosuppressive medication and the hazards associated with it, poor long-term graft survival rates and the discrepancy between the demand for and supply of organs. Our developing understanding of the immune system is encouraging, and it favours new strategies in the field of tolerance induction. This article will give an overview of the challenges and actual clinical concepts that bear upon the modulation of the body's natural tolerogenic mechanisms involved in long-term graft acceptance, and it will make a briefly stated contribution to the prospects of reducing immunosuppressive treatment or, eventually, the weaning of transplant recipients off their drugs.

The successful experiment by Billingham and colleagues [1] to induce organ tolerance in an allogenic animal model by infusing foreign marrow into a newborn mouse, unequivocally demonstrated that the immune system of higher vertebrates can . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Tolerance-promoting strategies
Mixed chimerism, co-receptor blockade and co-stimulation blockade
Regulatory T lymphocytes: potential tools for peripheral tolerance induction
Induction of immunoregulatory monocytes

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