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NDT Advance Access originally published online on October 18, 2005
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2006 21(1):13-16; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfi220
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© The Author [2005]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Editorial Comment

Genetic determinants of albuminuria and renal disease in diabetes mellitus

Michèle M. Sale1,2 and Barry I. Freedman2

1 Center for Human Genomics and 2 Department of Internal Medicine/Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Barry I. Freedman, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1053, USA. Email: bfreedma@wfubmc.edu

Keywords: albuminuria; chronic kidney failure; diabetes mellitus; genetics

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.



   Introduction
 
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing in epidemic proportions. The worldwide prevalence of diabetes was estimated to be 171 million cases in 2000 and is projected to rise to 366 million cases by 2030 [1]. Given current trends, the lifetime risk for developing T2DM is 30% in European Americans born in 2000, contrasted with 40% in African American males and 49% in African American females [2]. This global epidemic will clearly increase the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) for decades to come. The dramatic change in prevalence of T2DM is clearly rooted in environmental shifts, with westernization leading to obesity, metabolic syndrome and hypertension. However, diabetes and its associated nephropathy and CVD strongly aggregate in families [3–5]. Here, we review our current understanding of the impact of genetic factors on the development of DN.



   Dissection of the trait ‘diabetic nephropathy’
 
Reports evaluating the linkage and/or . . . [Full Text of this Article]



   Genetic factors involved in overt diabetic nephropathy and ESRF
 


   Genetic factors involved in diabetic albuminuria
 


   ‘Nephropathy genes’ underlying diabetic and non-diabetic nephropathy
 


   Conclusions
 

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