NDT Advance Access originally published online on January 25, 2005
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2005 20(3):539-544; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfh673
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Up-regulation of TRAIL mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with minimal-change nephrotic syndrome
Third Department of Internal Medicine, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
Correspondence and offprint requests to: Atsushi Komatsuda, MD, Third Department of Internal Medicine, Akita University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita City, Akita 010-8543, Japan. E-mail: komatsud{at}med.akita-u.ac.jp
Background. Minimal-change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) is considered to be associated with T-cell dysfunction and with the abnormal secretion of putative glomerular permeability factors; however, the nature of such factors remains elusive.
Methods. To identify up-regulated genes during the nephrosis phase, we undertook serial analyses of gene expression (SAGE) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from a patient with MCNS sampled during the nephrosis and remission phases. To confirm the SAGE results, we performed quantitative real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) analyses. We also measured the serum levels of the identified gene product in nephrosis and remission samples from 29 MCNS patients, 57 patients with nephrotic syndrome due to other types of glomerular diseases and 30 healthy individuals.
Results. Using more than 20 000 SAGE tags, we identified 15 functionally known genes that were up-regulated (
4-fold) in PBMC from the MCNS patient during the nephrosis phase. For further examination, we selected two genes encoding secretory proteins, namely tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease 1. Real-time RT–PCR analysis confirmed a higher expression of TRAIL mRNA in PBMC during nephrosis than during remission in eight MCNS patients. The expression pattern of TRAIL mRNA, however, was variable among four patients with membranous nephropathy. There was no significant increase of serum levels of a soluble form of TRAIL in MCNS patients during the nephrosis phase.
Conclusions. These results suggest that the intracellular TRAIL mRNA expression in PBMC is up-regulated in MCNS patients during the nephrosis phase. This change may represent either an epiphenomenon or it may provide a potential explanation for the altered T-cell function in MCNS.
Keywords: gene expression profile; minimal-change nephrotic syndrome; serial analysis of gene expression; tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
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