NDT Advance Access originally published online on June 22, 2004
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2004 19(9):2368-2373; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfh256
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Nephrol Dial Transplant Vol. 19 No. 9 © ERA-EDTA 2004; all rights reserved
Original Article
Anaemia is common after kidney transplantation, especially among African Americans
Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
Correspondence and offprint requests to: Yugo Shibagaki, MD, Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan. Email: eugo{at}wc4.so-net.ne.jp
Background. Anaemia is a major cardiovascular risk factor in renal disease. It might be appropriate to extrapolate this association of anaemia with cardiovascular disease to renal transplant recipients who continue to have a significant cardiovascular risk. There are very few studies addressing the issue of anaemia after renal transplantation.
Methods. We studied 192 consecutive kidney transplant recipients over a 5-year period in a tertiary referral centre in Michigan, USA. Patients who were followed up at the ambulatory transplant clinic for at least 1 year after transplantation were studied. Haemoglobin (Hb) level at 6 months and 1 year after renal transplantation was recorded. Risk factors for anaemia were evaluated using multivariate regression analysis.
Results. Significant anaemia (Hb <11 g/dl in females and <12 g/dl in males) was common (19.3% at 6 months, 19.8% at 1 year). Anaemia was more common in African American (AA) than in non-AA patients both at 6 months and 1 year after transplantation. Multivariate analysis showed that serum creatinine was an independent risk factor for anaemia. Female gender was associated with significant anaemia at 1 year. Intriguingly, AA race was also an independent risk factor at 6 months and strong trend for risk at 1 year.
Conclusions. Anaemia is common during the first year after kidney transplantation. AA race as well as high serum creatinine and female gender are independent risk factors for post-transplant anaemia. The importance of anaemia as a risk factor in AA patients after renal transplantation should be more recognised.
Keywords: anaemia; African American race; female; kidney transplantation; multivariate analysis
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