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Nephrol Dial Transplant (2004) 19: 977-980
Nephrol Dial Transplant Vol. 19 No. 4 © ERA-EDTA 2004; all rights reserved

Case Report

Renal magnesium loss causing hypomagnesaemia and autonomous hyperparathyroidism

Maha T. Barakat1, Houman Ashrafian1, Jeannie F. Todd1, Joseph J. Boyle2, John A. Lynn3 and Graham R. Williams4

1Department of Metabolic Medicine and 2Department of Pathology, Division of Investigative Sciences, 3Department of Surgery, Division of Surgery and 4Molecular Endocrinology Group, Division of Medicine and MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London, UK

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Dr Graham R. Williams, Molecular Endocrinology Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, 5th Floor, Clinical Research Building, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK. Email: graham.williams@imperial.ac.uk

Keywords: hyperparathyroidism; hypomagnesaemia; magnesium deficiency; parathyroid adenoma; thyroid disease

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.



   Introduction
 
The interplay between magnesium and calcium is complex and crucially influences calcium homeostasis. Hypomagnesaemia is a relatively common and often overlooked cause of ion disturbances such as hypocalcaemia and hypokalaemia. Although its causes are diverse, if chronic, it can induce plastic changes in the parathyroid hormone (PTH)–calcium regulatory axis. We describe a unique case of chronic renal magnesium wasting, hypomagnesaemia and hyperparathyroidism.



   Case
 
A 49-year-old housewife complained of generalized myalgia of 2–3 months duration, peri-oral paraesthesiae, non-specific weakness and malaise. Further questioning revealed that her symptoms extended over many years. There was no gastrointestinal disturbance and the patient did not drink alcohol. Her previous history consisted only of psoriasis and arthropathy for which she was taking psoralen/PUVA, coal tar and steroid ointments. She had six siblings in Pakistan, four children and four grandchildren. There was no history of consanguinity and no relevant family history. Total plasma calcium (Ca), total plasma magnesium . . . [Full Text of this Article]



   Discussion
 

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