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Nephrol Dial Transplant (2003) 18: 607-609
© 2003 European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association

Case Report

Effector T cells and macrophages in urine as a hallmark of systemic vasculitis accompanied by crescentic glomerulonephritis

Minoru Sakatsume and Fumitake Gejyo

Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan

Keywords: crescentic glomerulonephritis; effector T cells; macrophages; urine; vasculitis

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.



   Introduction
 
T cells and macrophages appear in the urine of patients with glomerulonephritis (GN), accompanied by active cellular infiltration such as cellular crescent formation and diffuse interstitial cell infiltration, but not in the urine of patients with GN without the active inflammatory lesions. The urine T cells are mainly of the effector type (CD62L-CD45RO+RA-), which is the same as the phenotype of infiltrating T cells in and around glomeruli. Moreover, these T cells express T helper lymphocyte 1 (Th1)-type cytokines [1]. The appearance of these immune effector cells in urine can be considered to reflect cellular immune responses in inflammatory renal lesions.

The detection of these effector cells in the urine of patients can be used as a new clinical method to assume the presence of renal inflammatory lesions. We report here on two patients with rapidly progressive renal dysfunction, proteinuria and haematuria, who could not undergo renal biopsy . . . [Full Text of this Article]



   Subjects and methods
 
Flow cytometric analysis of urinary cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs)


   Cases
 
Case 1. MPO (myeloperoxidase) anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antigen (ANCA)-related systemic vasculitis
Case 2. ANCA-negative systemic vaculitis


   Results
 
Detection of effector T cells and macrophages in urine from the two patients
Renal histopathology of autopsy specimens


   Discussion
 

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