NDT Advance Access originally published online on March 4, 2009
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2009 24(6):1714-1717; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfp092
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© The Author [2009]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
End-stage kidney disease patients in the intensive care unit
1 Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada 2 Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Jikei University school of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Correspondence and offprint requests to: Sean M. Bagshaw; E-mail: bagshaw@ualberta.ca
Keywords: acute kidney injury; case–control; end-stage kidney disease; survival
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Introduction |
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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important public health issue. In the US adult population, the prevalence of CKD is estimated at >13% (representing
40 million), and has increased appreciably in recent years [1]. This increasing trend has been attributable to an ageing population, along with increasing rates of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesity [1–3].
This mounting burden of CKD is also projected to contribute to greater numbers of patients progressing to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and requiring maintenance renal replacement therapy (RRT). Data provided by the United States Renal Database System (USRDS) show that both the prevalence and incidence of ESKD have increased substantially in recent years [4]. This epidemic of ESKD has far-reaching clinical and economic implications, as patients with ESKD are more likely to develop cardiovascular morbidity; serious medical complications (i.e. gastrointestinal bleeding, nutritional deficiencies, infections) [5–9]; require hospitalization;