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NDT Advance Access originally published online on September 22, 2008
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2008 23(12):3737-3743; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfn531
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© The Author [2008]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org


Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin—an emerging troponin for kidney injury

Prasad Devarajan

Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Prasad Devarajan, MLC 7022, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA. Tel: +1-513-636-4531; Fax: +1-513-636-7407; E-mail: prasad.devarajan@cchmc.org

Keywords: acute kidney injury; acute renal failure; biomarker; lipocalin; nephrotoxicity

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.



   Introduction
 
When a subject presents with symptoms of angina pectoris, measurement of biomarkers such as troponin that are released from damaged myocytes can rapidly identify acute myocardial injury, allowing for timely interventions and a dramatic decrease in mortality. The analogous condition of the kidney, acute kidney injury (AKI), has been referred to as angina renalis, and the similarities end right there. AKI is largely asymptomatic, and establishing the diagnosis in the estimated 5% of hospitalized patients and a third of intensive care patients who suffer from the disease currently hinges on serial serum creatinine measurements. Unfortunately, creatinine is a notoriously delayed and unreliable indicator of AKI for a variety of reasons [1,2]. Ironically, animal studies have identified several interventions that can prevent and/or treat AKI if instituted early in the disease course, well before the serum creatinine even begins to rise. The lack of early biomarkers has . . . [Full Text of this Article]



   Biology of NGAL
 


   NGAL for the early diagnosis of AKI
 


   NGAL for the prognosis of AKI
 


   Sources of urinary and plasma NGAL
 


   Limitations of NGAL as an AKI biomarker
 


   Summary
 

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