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NDT Advance Access originally published online on April 16, 2007
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2007 22(7):1815-1819; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfm224
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© The Author [2007]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Are we overestimating left ventricular abnormalities in end-stage renal disease?

Patrick B. Mark, Rajan K. Patel and Alan G. Jardine

BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland, UK

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Dr Patrick B. Mark, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland, UK. Email: p.mark@clinmed.gla.ac.uk

Keywords: cardiomyopathy; dialysis; echocardiography magnetic resonance imaging; end stage renal failure; left ventricular hypertrophy

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.



   Introduction
 
Uraemic cardiomyopathy, defined by the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), left ventricular (LV) dilatation or LV systolic dysfunction (LVSD), is reported to be a predictor of premature cardiovascular mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) [1]. Each of these LV abnormalities cumulatively confers a poorer long term prognosis [2]. LV function, dimensions and geometry have conventionally been assessed by echocardiography. Echocardiography is well established, portable and widely available and therefore will remain a vital clinical tool. However, echocardiography has drawbacks, including operator-dependence and difficulty in obtaining satisfactory acoustic windows. A major technological limitation of echocardiography is the geometric assumption required to calculate LV mass and function. Using conventional M-mode echocardiography to assess LV mass by the Penn [3] or ASE formulae [4], ventricular dimensions are measured in the minor axis and then volumes estimated from the cube of these values, . . . [Full Text of this Article]



   Comparisons between echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for measurement of LV dimensions
 


   Uraemic cardiomyopathy as assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
 


   Can CMR allow us to improve echocardiographic methods in patients with ESRD?
 


   Improvements to echocardiographic technique for assessment of left ventricular mass
 


   Limitations of CMR
 


   Implications for treatment of uraemic cardiomyopathy
 

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