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NDT Advance Access originally published online on March 26, 2007
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2007 22(6):1495-1499; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfm093
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© The Author [2007]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Haem oxygenase-1—a culprit in vascular and renal damage?

Nathalie Hill-Kapturczak and Anupam Agarwal

Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research and Training Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Anupam Agarwal, MD, Division of Nephrology, ZRB 614, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 703 19th street south, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agarwal@uab.edu

Keywords: acute renal injury; atherosclerosis; haem oxygenase; vascular neointimal proliferation

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.



   The haem oxygenase (HO) enzyme system
 
The haem oxygenase (HO) system is responsible for the catabolism of free haem, a potent pro-oxidant, released during the normal and pathophysiological breakdown of haem-containing proteins. HO degrades haem releasing biliverdin, iron and carbon monoxide (CO) [1]. Biliverdin is converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. There are two well characterized isoforms of active HO: an inducible enzyme, HO-1, and a constitutive isoform, HO-2. They are products of different genes with dissimilar regulation and tissue distribution (reviewed in [2]). HO-1 is a 32 kDa protein that is highly inducible in mammalian tissues by a wide variety of stimuli including haem, heavy metals, growth factors, nitric oxide (NO), peroxynitrite, modified lipids, hypoxia, hyperoxia, cytokines as well as others. HO-2 is a 36 kDa protein that is constitutively expressed in distinct locations including in the brain, endothelium, testis and distal nephron segments (reviewed in [2]).

The products . . . [Full Text of this Article]



   HO-1 and vascular injury
 


   HO-1 and atherosclerosis
 


   HO-1, hypertension and vasculature
 


   HO-1 as a potent cytoprotective enzyme or a culprit in renal disease
 
HO-1 in acute kidney injury
HO-1 in sickle cell disease (SCD)


   Summary
 

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