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NDT Advance Access originally published online on October 27, 2006
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2007 22(2):312-315; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfl604
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© The Author [2006]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Periodontal diseases—a modifiable source of systemic inflammation for the end-stage renal disease patient on haemodialysis therapy?

Ronald G. Craig1,2, Peter Kotanko3, Angela R. Kamer2 and Nathan W. Levin3

1Department of Basic Sciences and Craniofacial Biology and 2Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, New York University College of Dentistry and 3Renal Research Institute LLC, New York, USA

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Nathan W. Levin, MD, Renal Research Institute LLC, 207 East 94th Street, Suite 303, New York, New York 10128, USA. Email: nlevin@rriny.com

Keywords: periodontal disease; inflammation; haemodialysis

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.



   Periodontal diseases—biology, pathology and clinical presentation
 
Periodontal diseases are a group of inflammatory diseases that affect the supporting tissues of the dentition. The most prevalent periodontal diseases result from the interaction of specific bacterial species with components of the host immune response in disease susceptible individuals and are currently classified as plaque-induced gingival diseases, early onset, chronic adult and aggressive periodontitis [1]. Plaque-induced gingival diseases are limited to the gingivae (gingivitis) and are characterized by erythema, oedema, haemorrhage and enlargement of the gingival tissues. Plaque- induced gingivitis is nearly pandemic in children and young adults and is reversible with treatment. In contrast, early onset, chronic and aggressive periodontitis are irreversible forms of periodontal disease that culminate in tooth loss if left untreated. Estimates of the prevalence of periodontitis vary with the clinical criteria used to define disease status; however, the Third National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES III) reported a 14% prevalence of moderate . . . [Full Text of this Article]



   Periodontal diseases—systemic inflammatory response and chronic kidney disease
 


   The clinical management of periodontitis
 


   Conclusions
 

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