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NDT Advance Access originally published online on October 11, 2006
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2007 22(1):20-23; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfl574
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© The Author [2006]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Ultrapure dialysis fluid—how pure is it and do we need it?

Ingrid Ledebo

Gambro Corporate Research, S-220 10 Lund, Sweden

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Ingrid Ledebo, PhD, Gambro Corporate Research, Box 10101, S-220 10 Lund, Sweden. Email: ingrid.ledebo@gambro.com

Keywords: bacterial count; dialysis fluid; endotoxin; ultrapure

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.



   The issue
 
Originally a definition of water quality for the semiconductor industry, the term ‘ultrapure’ has been adopted by the dialysis community. The discussion has developed from basic definitions and methods for quantification to clinical benefits and recommendations for implementation. Today, ultrapure dialysis fluid is subject to the demands of evidence-based medicine or at least evidence-based cost-effectiveness. The sequence from growing awareness to widespread conviction and practical implementation of ultrapure dialysis fluid is similar to the process for biocompatible dialysis membranes some 10–15 years ago. So, where do we stand with regard to ultrapure dialysis fluid?



   What is ultrapure?
 
The term ‘ultrapure’ started to appear in dialysis literature in the early 90s and it meant that the fluid was highly purified in comparison to standard procedures [1]. The fluid appeared to be free from bacteria and endotoxin when routine methodology was used for testing. One millilitre of water or dialysis fluid spread on . . . [Full Text of this Article]



   How pure is ultrapure?
 


   Ultrapure dialysis fluid—do we need it?
 


   Ultrapure dialysis fluid—can we afford it?
 


   How far should we go—is ultrapure enough?
 


   Conclusion
 

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