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NDT Advance Access originally published online on April 19, 2005
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2005 20(6):1038-1041; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfh824
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© The Author [2005]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org

Editorial Review

Health economics—what the nephrologist should know

Andrew J. Palmer

CORE Center for Outcomes Research, Basel/Binningen, Switzerland

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Andrew J. Palmer, CORE Center for Outcomes Research, Bundtenmattstrasse 40, 4102 Basel/Binningen, Switzerland.

Keywords: cost-effectiveness; costs; health economics; modelling; nephrology; thresholds; willingness to pay

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.



   Background
 
Clinical guidelines are increasingly influenced by health economic considerations as health policy decision makers look to make optimal use of limited healthcare budgets. The discipline of health economics has become an important component of healthcare systems in many countries worldwide and its influence on health policy decision-making globally is expanding. Just as a push towards evidence-based medical practice made it necessary for clinicians to become familiar with clinical trial terminology, the increasing use of health economic evaluations by health authorities, and their growing presence in mainstream medical journals, has made it important also to become familiar with the methodology and terminology of health economics. The purpose of this editorial is to briefly introduce some of the important principles and methodologies of health economics, particularly cost-effectiveness analyses.



   What is cost-effectiveness analysis and what clinical outcomes and costs are measured?
 
New treatments and health interventions commonly offer potential benefits, but usually lead to added costs. Cost-effectiveness analysis allows us to examine the balance between . . . [Full Text of this Article]



   How are clinical and costs data brought together?
 


   When is an intervention ‘cost-effective’ ?
 


   Can we trust the results of modelling studies?
 


   Conclusion
 

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