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NDT Advance Access originally published online on April 19, 2005
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2005 20(6):1025-1028; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfh800
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© The Author [2005]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org

Editorial Comment

Erythropoietin receptors: their role beyond erythropoiesis

Jerome Rossert1 and Kai-Uwe Eckardt2

1 Department of Nephrology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France and 2 Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Jerome Rossert, MD, PhD, Department of Nephrology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France. Email: jerome.rossert@egp.aphp.fr

Keywords: antiapoptotic effects; embryogenesis; erythropoietin; erythropoietin receptors; organ injuries; protective effects

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.



   Introduction
 
It has been known for ~40 years that erythropoietin, which is mainly produced by the kidney in response to hypoxia, is the primary regulator of red blood cell production and is indispensable for terminal differentiation of erythroid progenitors. It controls proliferation, maturation and also survival of erythroid progenitor cells. The binding of erythropoietin to its receptor, which exists as a preformed dimer, induces a conformational change that brings constitutively associated Janus family tyrosine protein kinase 2 (JAK2) molecules in close proximity and stimulates their activation by transphosphorylation. In turn, JAK2 molecules phosphorylate tyrosine residues in the cytoplasmic domain of the erythropoietin receptor, which then serve as docking sites for various intracellular signalling proteins that contain Src homology 2 (SH2) domains (Figure 1). These proteins can then be activated through JAK2-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation. For example, the transcription factor STAT5 (for ‘signal transducer and activator of transcription 5’) can bind . . . [Full Text of this Article]



   Erythropoietin and embryonic development
 


   Erythropoietin and experimental acute organ injuries
 
Nervous system
Heart
Kidney


   Mode of action of erythropoietin
 


   Clinical implications of the tissue-protective effects of erythropoietin
 

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