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NDT Advance Access originally published online on March 15, 2005
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2005 20(5):861-864; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfh767
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© The Author [2005]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org

Editorial Comment

Renal manifestations of the metabolic syndrome

Katherine R. Tuttle

The Heart Institute of Spokane and Sacred Heart Medical Center, Spokane, WA, USA

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Katherine R. Tuttle, MD, Medical and Scientific Director, Research Department, The Heart Institute of Spokane and Sacred Heart Medical Center, 122 W. 7th Avenue, Suite 230, Spokane, WA 99204, USA. E-mail: ktuttle@this.org

Keywords: diabetic glomerulopathy; glomerular filtration rate; microalbuminuria; nutrition; obesity

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.



   Risk factors and chronic kidney disease
 
The metabolic syndrome is defined by a constellation of risk factors, including abdominal obesity, impaired glucose tolerance in association with hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia characterized by low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and high triglyceride levels, and hypertension. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III of the National Cholesterol Education Program have developed clinical criteria for metabolic syndrome (Tables 1 and 2) [1]. Although these organizations have provided somewhat different criteria, the overarching theme from each is aimed at describing the key features. Metabolic syndrome has gained a great deal of attention because it is a precursor to type 2 diabetes and also because it increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, even with levels of glycaemia below that used to define diabetes [1]. The connections between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CVD are increasingly evident. Indicators of CKD, albuminuria (micro- or . . . [Full Text of this Article]



   Pathology and mechanisms
 


   Conclusions
 

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