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Nephrol Dial Transplant (2004) 19: 766-770
Nephrol Dial Transplant Vol. 19 No. 4 © ERA-EDTA 2004; all rights reserved

Editorial Comment

Measuring blood pressure: pitfalls and recommendations

Ulrich Tholl1, Klaus Forstner2 and Manfred Anlauf1

1Zentralkrankenhaus Reinkenheide, Medical Clinic II, Bremerhaven, Germany and 2Forschungsinstitut für klinische Medizintechnik, Asperg, Germany

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Ulrich Tholl, Zentralkrankenhaus Reinkenheide, Medical Clinic II, Bremerhaven, Germany. Email: ulrich.tholl@zkr.de

Keywords: anaeroid manometer; blood pressure; blood pressure measurement; clinical validation; mercury sphygmomanometer; oscillometric device; patient self-measurement

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.



   Introduction
 
Approximately 100 years have passed since the legendary development by the Italian Riva Rocci to measure blood pressure by an upper arm cuff with the mercury manometer and since the first description of sound phenomena above the brachial artery by the Russian Korotkoff during upper arm compression [1,2]. At present, this method has been established worldwide as the standard for non-invasive blood pressure measurement. However, new technical developments have resulted in a silent revolution of blood pressure monitoring in clinical and home use and have even been incorporated in important clinical studies [3,4]. The specific influence of the measurement method on reading accuracy has not, however, been sufficiently perceived and taken into account.



   Methods of non-invasive blood pressure monitoring
 
There are manually operated and automatic devices. In manually operated instruments, blood pressure is measured by auscultation of Korotkoff's sound; automated instruments either record Korotkoff's sound via a microphone . . . [Full Text of this Article]



   Is the mercury sphygmomanometer still ‘the gold standard’ of blood pressure monitoring?
 


   Are aneroid manometers a first-choice alternative?
 


   Are oscillometric measurements reliable?
 


   Significance of user handling and skill for the measurement accuracy
 


   Perspectives in clinical and general practice blood pressure measurements
 

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