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Nephrol Dial Transplant (2001) 16: 4-7
© 2001 European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association

Editorial Comments

Imaging techniques for the detection of vesicoureteric reflux: what and when?

Rajko B. Kenda

Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

Keywords: direct radionuclide voiding cystography; vesicoureteric reflux; voiding cystourethrography; voiding urosonography

Introduction

In the last decade we have witnessed significant progress in the detection and follow-up of vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) in children. The development has gone simultaneously in two directions: (i) for whom and when it is important to detect VUR, and (ii) introducing new techniques for its detection. Some years ago, X-ray voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) was not only the gold standard, but actually the only method for detection of VUR. It was followed by direct radionuclide voiding cystography (DRVC). Recently, echo-enhanced voiding urosonography (VUS) has become a routine procedure in some centres. The objective of this development has been to diminish the radiation burden to the patient, without losing important data.

Generally, it is not only the quality of a procedure (i.e. sensitivity, specificity, radiation, etc.), which determines its acceptability in a routine work-up. Other parameters . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Voiding urosonography

Grading of vesicoureteric reflux
Indications for voiding urosonography
Conclusion

Notes

References


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 Nephrol Dial TransplantHome page
R. B. Kenda, A. Kenig, G. Novljan, R. Ponikvar, and J. B. Ponikvar
Cyclic voiding urosonography for detecting vesicoureteric reflux in renal transplant recipients
Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., November 1, 2001; 16(11): 2229 - 2231.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]