Nephrol Dial Transplant (1994) 9: 404-412
© 1994 European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association
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Evaluation of an experimental rat model for peritoneal dialysis: fluid and solute transport characteristics
1Department of Renal Medicine, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute Stockholm, Sweden 2Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soon Chun Hyang University Seoul, Korea 3Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Warsaw, Poland
Correspondence and offprint requests to: Correspondence and offprint requests to:Bengt Lindholm, MD, Department of Renal Medicine K 56, Huddinge University Hospital, S-14186 Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
The aim of this study was to develop a reference model of fluid and solute transport during experimental peritoneal dialysis in rats, which would simulate the conditions of clinical dialysis in CAPD patients as much as possible. For this purpose a 4-h dialysis study was performed in 13 normal Sprague-Dawley rats with conventional glucose solutions (Dianeal 1.36% solution, n=6 and Dianeal 3.86% solution, n=7) and a protocol and methods like those used in clinical dwell studies. The dilution of a marker, radioactive human serum albumin (RISA), was used to determine the intraperitoneal dialysate volume with corrections for the elimination of RISA from the peritoneal cavity and sample volumes. The isovolumetric method was employed to calculate the diffusive mass transport coefficients. To compare our data with reference values in CAPD patients, the data were scaled by a factor calculated as a ratio of the dialysate volume in CAPD to the dialysate volume in the rats. In a separate series of experiments the intraperitoneal hydrostatic pressure was monitored with increasing infusion volumes.
The fluid transport characteristics, described as the percentage changes of the initial intraperitoneal volume, were essentially comparable to those in CAPD patients. However, the intraperitoneal volume curves were shifted more to the left than were the reported values in CAPD patients. The scaled diffusive mass transport coefficient for urea was similar to that in CAPD patients. However, the transport of other solutes, in particular glucose, was faster in the rats than in CAPD patients. The intraperitoneal hydrostatic pressure increased exponentially with increasing infusion volume relative to body weight and was 0.3–0.9 mmHg with the standard infusion volume of 30 ml in the present study. The intraperitoneal hydrostatic pressure in the rats receiving 30 mi of fluid intraperitoneally was lower than the reported intraperiCorrespondence toneal pressure in CAPD patients using 2 1 of dialysis fluid.
We conclude that the present experimental model of peritoneal dialysis in the rat with a protocol and methods similar to those used in clinical studies, after appropriate scaling, seems to have fluid and solute transport characteristics that resembled those in clinical peritoneal dialysis, but considerable differences were also found.
Keywords: peritoneal dialysis; solute transport; fluid transport; diffusive mass transport coefficient; intraper itoneal hydrostatic pressure
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