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NDT Advance Access originally published online on August 26, 2008
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2009 24(1):298-303; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfn478
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© The Author [2008]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved.For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org


ABO blood group-incompatible living donor kidney transplantation: a prospective, single-centre analysis including serial protocol biopsies

Tobias Oettl1, Joerg Halter2, Alexander Bachmann3, Lorenz Guerke4, Laura Infanti5, Daniel Oertli4, Michael Mihatsch6, Alois Gratwohl2, Juerg Steiger1 and Michael Dickenmann1

1 Clinic for Transplantation Immunology and Nephrology 2 Division of Hematology 3 Division of Urology 4 Division of Transplantation Surgery 5 Department of Transfusion Medicine 6 Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Petersgraben 4, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland

Tobias Oettl, Clinic for Transplantation Immunology and Nephrology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, Basel, Switzerland. Tel: +41-61-328-6737; Fax: +41-61-265-2410; E-mail: oettlt{at}uhbs.ch; mdickenmann{at}uhbs.ch



  Abstract

Background. ABO incompatible kidney transplantation using antigen-specific immunoadsorption is increasingly performed but data on outcome, complications and protocol biopsies are still scarce. The present prospective single-centre study was aimed at these issues.

Methods. This was a prospective single-centre cohort study of 10 successive ABO incompatible living donor kidney transplantations at the University Hospital Basel from September 2005 to October 2007. The following parameters were closely monitored during the whole follow-up: graft function, albuminuria, blood group antibody titres, CD19+ cell count, total IgG and IgG subclasses, CMV antigenaemia, decoy cells in the urine, EBV and polyoma BK virus PCR in the blood. Protocol biopsies were performed on Days 0 and 7 after 3, 6, 12 and 18 months.

Results. Patient and graft survival is 100% after a median follow-up of 489 days (range 183–916 days). Median serum creatinine is 137 µmol/l (range 70–215 µmol/l), and median urine albumin–creatinine ratio (UACR) is 3.1 mg/ mmol (range 0.6–7.8 mg/mmol) at the time of the last follow-up. All patients had sustained diminished CD19+ cell count and/or total IgG concentrations. Neither CMV antigenaemia nor EBV replication in the blood was observed. Seven patients had positive polyoma BK virus replication in the blood but none developed polyoma virus-associated nephropathy (PVAN). Protocol biopsies revealed rejection Banff IIa in three patients on Day 7, and in one patient after 3 and 6 months. Banff Ia rejection was found in five patients. All rejection episodes resolved. Mild signs of chronic antibody-mediated rejection were observed in five patients.

Conclusions. ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation seems to be successful and safe. Modifications of the current protocol may be possible and may further reduce potential side effects and costs.

Keywords: ABO incompatible; immunoadsorption; kidney transplantation

Received for publication: 28. 4.08
Accepted in revised form: 31. 7.08


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