OPTAmalnutrition in chronic renal failure
1Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany, 2University Hospital, Essen, Germany, 3Dialysezentrum, Kiel, Germany, 4University Hospital, Vienna, Austria
Correspondence and offprint requests to: Prof Dr Martin K. Kuhlmann, MD, Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Klinik für Innere Medizin, Nephrologie, Landsberger Allee 49, 10249 Berlin, Germany. Email: martin.kuhlmann{at}vivantes.de
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Proteinenergy malnutrition (PEM) is common among patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD stages 4 and 5) and is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Early recognition and treatment of malnutrition is essential to improve the outcome of patients with advanced CKD and those undergoing maintenance peritonealdialysis and haemodialysis treatment.
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