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NDT Advance Access originally published online on September 2, 2005
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2006 21(1):145-152; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfi081
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© The Author [2005]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Original Articles: Dialysis and Transplantation

Adiponectin, leptin and thyroid hormones in patients with chronic renal failure and on renal replacement therapy: are they related?

Jolanta Malyszko1, Jacek Malyszko1, Slawomir Wolczynski2 and Michal Mysliwiec1

1 Department of Nephrology and Transplantology, and 2 Department of Endocrinological Gynaecology, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Jolanta Malyszko, Department of Nephrology and Transplantology, Medical University, 15-540 Bialystok, Zurawia 14, Poland. Email: jolmal{at}poczta.onet.pl

Background. Renal function affects thyroid function and adipocytokines in many ways. We aimed to assess the adipocytokines adiponectin and leptin in relation to thyroid function in patients with chronic renal failure treated conservatively, in haemodialysed patients and in kidney allograft recipients.

Methods. The study was performed on 33 patients with chronic renal failure, 64 haemodialysed patients, 54 kidney allograft recipients and 38 healthy volunteers. Thyroid volume was estimated sonographically, thyroid hormones were determined by Micropartide Enzyme Immunoassay (MEIA), and serum adiponectin and leptin were assessed by radioimmunoassay.

Results. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4 and free T3 were within the normal range. Adiponectin correlated significantly with free T3, haematocrit, haemoglobin, platelet count, body mass index (BMI) and urea in kidney allograft recipients. In haemodialysed patients, adiponectin correlated with free T4 and TSH, whereas leptin correlated with free T3. Multiple regression analysis showed that adiponectin was independently related only to the serum concentration of free T3 and urea in kidney transplant recipients and to free T4 and adequacy of dialysis in haemodialysed patients. In univariate analysis in patients with chronic renal failure, adiponectin correlated with free T3 and platelet count, and in healthy volunteers adiponectin correlated only with free T3 and triglycerides, and leptin correlated with BMI.

Conclusions. We described novel relationships between adiponectin and thyroid hormones in patients with kidney diseases. However, possible pre-existing thyroid dysfunction prior to transplantation (during dialysis therapy) and immunosuppression after transplantation make all these findings relatively complex. Therefore, the relationships between adiponectin and the thyroid axis in patients with chronic renal failure, in haemodialysed subjects or in kidney transplant recipients merit additional studies.

Keywords: adiponectin; chronic renal failure; haemodialysis; kidney transplantation; leptin; thyroid hormones


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