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NDT Advance Access originally published online on October 26, 2004
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2004 19(12):3040-3049; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfh521
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Nephrol Dial Transplant Vol. 19 No. 12 © ERA-EDTA 2004; all rights reserved

Original Article

The Czech registry of renal biopsies. Occurrence of renal diseases in the years 1994–2000

Ivan Rychlík1, Eva Jancová1, Vladimír Tesar1, Alexander Kolsky2, Jirí Lácha3, Josef Stejskal4, Alena Stejskalová5, Jirí Dusek6 and Vladimír Herout7 on behalf of the Czech Registry of Renal Biopsies

1 1st Department of Medicine and 5 1st Department of Pathology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, 4 Department of Pathology and 6 1st Department of Paediatrics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 2 Department of Paediatrics, Thomayer Teaching Hospital, 3 Department of Nephrology, Transplant Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague and 7 1st Department of Metabolic Care, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Hradec Králové, The Czech Republic

Correspondence and offprint requests to: I. Rychlík, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Srobárova 50, 10034 Prague 10, The Czech Republic. Email: rychlik{at}cesnet.cz

Background. This report describes data collected by the Czech Registry of Renal Biopsies (CRRB).

Methods. Twenty-eight centres provided data on all biopsies of native kidneys performed in the Czech Republic (population 10.3 million) over the period 1994–2000. Data on serum creatinine concentration (sCr), 24 h proteinuria, haematuria, serum albumin level, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, histological diagnosis and complications after renal biopsy were collected.

Results. Altogether 4004 biopsies in 3874 patients were performed (males 57.9%, children ≤15 years 17.7%, elderly >60 years 14.3%). Microhaematuria was present in 65.9%, macrohaematuria in 9.2%, nephrotic proteinuria (≥3.5 g/24 h) in 39.3%, and low-grade proteinuria (<3.5 g/24 h) in 41.4%. Among adults, hypertension was present in 45.2%, mild renal insufficiency in 23% (sCr 111–200 µmol/l) and advanced renal insufficiency in 13.7% (sCr 201–400), while 11.5% of patients had sCr >400 µmol/l. The most frequent renal diseases were primary (59.8%) and secondary (25.4%) glomerulonephritis (GN). Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) was observed in 4.4% and hypertensive nephroangiosclerosis in 3.4%. The samples were non-diagnostic in 4.6%. Among primary GNs, the most frequent diagnoses were: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) 34.5%, minimal change disease (MCD) 12.4%, non-IgA mesangioproliferative GN (MesGN) 11.3%, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) 10.8% and membranous GN (MGN) 9.3%. Among secondary GNs, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) represented 23.0%, necrotizing vasculitis (NV) 15.5%, Henoch–Schönlein purpura 5.7%, thin basement membrane glomerulopathy (TBN) 19.3%, Alport syndrome 6.9%, renal amyloidosis 9.9% and myeloma kidney 2.9%. Among children, the most common were IgAN (19.2%), MCD (17.6%) and TBM glomerulopathy (12.3%), while among the elderly the most common were MGN (11.0%), NV (10.7%) and amyloidosis (9.6%). The most common in patients with nephrotic proteinuria were MCD (50.5%) among children, but IgAN (24.6%) in adults aged 16–60 years and MGN (16.8%) among the elderly. IgAN (21.3%) and FSGS (8.3%) were the most common diagnoses among patients with mild renal insufficiency, but TIN (11.6%) and NV (11.3%) were the most common in more advanced renal insufficiency. Since 1999, diabetic patients represented 12.2% of adults, with mean proteinuria 8.9 g/24 h; diabetic glomerulosclerosis was found in 42.4% (with microhaematuria present in 66%) and non-diabetic renal diseases in 47.5% (IgAN in 17.5%, MGN and NAS in 11.1% and NV in 9.5%). The mean annual incidence (per million population) was: primary GN 32.4, secondary GN 13.8, IgAN 11.2, MCD 4.0, MesGN 3.7, FSGS 3.5, SLE 3.2, MGN 3.0, TBM 2.7, TIN 2.4 and NV 2.1. Ultrasound needle guidance was used in 56%, preferably in children (79%). The frequency of serious complications (gross haematuria, symptomatic haematoma, blood transfusion) remained at 3%.

Conclusion. The CRRB provides important data on the epidemiology of GN based on a whole country population.

Keywords: epidemiology; glomerulonephritis; nephropathy; renal biopsy; registry


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