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Nephrol Dial Transplant (2003) 18: VI21-VI25
© 2003 European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association

Vascular permeability factors in steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

Paul E. C. Brenchley

Renal Research Laboratories, Manchester Institute of Nephrology and Transplantation, Royal Infirmary, Manchester M13 9WL, UK

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Dr P. E. C. Brenchley, Renal Research Laboratories, MINT, B Floor, Manchester Clinic, The Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK. Email: paul.brenchley{at}man.ac.uk

Abstract

The concept that some forms of proteinuria may be induced by the action of circulating systemic permeability factors on the glomerular capillary wall is intriguing. First proposed in the 1970s in the context of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome, the immune system was proposed as a source of such a vascular permeability factor (VPF). More recently, some forms of focal segmental glomerular sclerosis appear to be associated with another type of systemic factor. This paper reviews the evidence for such factors and compares the properties of a number of candidate VPFs.

Keywords: focal; segmental glomerulosclerosis; haemopexin; heparanase; pathogenesis; steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome; vascular permeability factor; VEGF


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