Nephrol Dial Transplant (2003) 18: 153-157
© 2003 European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association
Increased plasma S-nitrosothiol levels in chronic haemodialysis patients
1 INSERM U507 and 2 Laboratory of Biochemistry A, Necker Hospital, Paris and 3 Laboratory of Biochemistry A, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
Background. An impairment of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and/or metabolism may contribute to the excessive incidence of atherosclerotic complications observed in haemodialysis (HD) patients. Recent evidence indicates that NO metabolism involves a family of NO-related molecules that have not yet been explored in such patients. The aim of our study was to determine the plasma levels of S-nitrosothiol and nitrotyrosine in chronic HD patients, and to evaluate potential factors influencing their levels.
Methods. Plasma levels of S-nitrosothiols and nitrotyrosine were determined in 22 non-smoking HD patients and 12 healthy control subjects, together with albumin, homocysteine, haemoglobin, highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and various components of the oxidant–antioxidant system at the plasma and erythrocyte levels.
Results. While plasma nitrosothiol levels were significantly higher in HD patients than in controls (2.25±1.17 vs 0.45±0.45 µmol/l, respectively, P<0.0001), nitrotyrosine levels were not different. HD patients also exhibited a marked deficit of ascorbate and low plasma glutathione peroxidase activity. An inverse relationship was found between plasma S-nitrosothiol and blood haemoglobin in HD patients (P<0.005). No direct relationship was observed between plasma S-nitrosothiol levels and any of the oxidative stress markers, or hsCRP levels.
Conclusion. This study demonstrates high plasma S-nitrosothiol levels in HD patients, which are partially related to low blood haemoglobin concentrations. The pathophysiological significance of this elevation remains to be elucidated. A possible protective role against nitrosative stress is suggested in presence of normal plasma nitrotyrosine levels in such patients.
Keywords: atherosclerosis; haemodialysis; nitric oxide; nitrotyrosine; oxidant–antioxidant system; S-nitrosothiol
Correspondence and offprint requests to: Ziad A. Massy, INSERM U507, Necker Hospital, 161 rue de Sèvres, 75743 Paris Cedex 15, France. Email: massy{at}necker.fr
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