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Nephrol Dial Transplant (2002) 17: 336-339
© 2002 European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association


Cardiovascular calcification in end-stage renal disease

Isidro B. Salusky1, and William G. Goodman2

1 Department of Pediatrics and 2 Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are common in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among dialysis patients are substantially higher than in the general population. The reasons for this high incidence are multiple. They include traditional factors such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, sodium overload, and elevated homocysteine levels as well as disturbances of mineral metabolism, specifically abnormalities in phosphorus and calcium homeostasis. This review will describe the specific cardiovascular complications related to calcifications in ESRD, the implications of the abnormalities of mineral metabolism in its pathogenesis and the current imaging techniques available for the detection of cardiovascular calcifications. Excess of calcium load contributes to the development of cardiac calcifications; therefore, alternative strategies to diminish exogenous calcium load should be considered in patients with ESRD.

Keywords: cardiovascular calcification; end-stage renal disease

Notes

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Isidro B. Salusky, MD, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Medical Center, A2-331, MDCC, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Email: isalusky{at}mednet.ucla.edu


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