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Nephrol Dial Transplant (2001) 16: 94-97
© 2001 European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association

Blood pressure and body water distribution in chronic renal failure patients

María Antonia Alvarez-Lara, Alejandro Martín-Malo, Mario Espinosa, Alberto Rodríguez-Benot and Pedro Aljama

Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain

Evidence exists of the important role of sodium balance and extracellular fluid volume in the genesis of hypertension in chronic renal failure (CRF). Several studies have shown that patients with advanced CRF have an increased, interstitial and intravascular, extracellular water volume (ECW). The relationship between the increase in ECW and high blood pressure has also been reported. Using electric bioimpedance, body water distribution was studied in 32 patients from our dialysis unit. Twelve of these patients were hypertensive and 20 had normal blood pressure. Hypertensive patients had a significantly greater total body water volume and ECW than the normotensive patients. Given the importance of ECW in controlling blood pressure, one of the main aims of haemodialysis is a suitable extraction of sodium and water during the treatment. Despite technological advances in dialysis therapy, cardiovascular instability during treatment is still a clinical problem. In recent years, new strategies to control ECW, with good haemodynamic tolerance, have been developed. These strategies include haemofiltration, haemodiafiltration and sodium and ultrafiltration profiles.

Keywords: blood pressure; chronic renal failure; extracellular water; intracellular water; plasma volume; sodium concentration

Correspondence and offprint requests to: María Antonia Alvarez-Lara, Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n 14004, Córdoba, Spain.


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