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Nephrol Dial Transplant (2001) 16: 67-69
© 2001 European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association

Sympathetic overactivity and arterial hypertension in renal failure

Stephan R. Orth, Kerstin Amann1, Kristof Strojek2 and Eberhard Ritz

Department of Nephrology, Ruperto Carola University Heidelberg, 1 Department of Pathology, University Erlangen, Germany and 2 Silesian Academy of Medicine, Zabrze, Poland

In the past, it had been presumed that hypertension in chronic renal disease can be explained by the dual effects of sodium retention and inappropriate activity of the renin–angiotensin system. Recent experimental and clinical data provide strong evidence that the increase in blood pressure is to a large part due to sympathetic overactivity which is triggered by afferent signals emanating from the kidney and resetting sympathetic tone by stimulation of hypothalamic centres. The sequelae of sympathetic overactivity extend beyond their effects on blood pressure and include accelerated progression of renal failure and presumably increased cardiac arrhythmia.

Keywords: chronic renal failure; hypertension; metoprolol; moxonidine; sympathetic activity

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Stephan R. Orth, MD, Sektion Nephrologie, Medizinische Klinik, Bergheimer Str. 56a, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany.


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