Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, Vol 13, Issue 4 940-944, Copyright © 1998 by Oxford University Press
J Halimi, C Philippon and A Mimran
Background: Cigarette smoking is associated with acute
increase in arterial pressure due to systemic vasoconstriction and
decreased skin and coronary blood flow. Virtually all cardiovascular
effects of cigarette smoking are due to nicotine. However, whether nicotine
also affects the renal circulation and function in humans is at present
unknown. Methods: In the current study the acute
effects of a 4-mg nicotine gum on arterial pressure, heart rate as well as
renal haemodynamics and function were assessed in non-smokers and chronic
smokers. Results: In non-smokers, mean arterial
pressure (+8±1 mm Hg, P<0.001) and heart rate
(+13±3 beats/min, P<0.001) increased whereas effective
renal plasma flow (ERPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreased by
15±4% and 14±4% respectively; in addition, urinary
cyclic GMP decreased by 51±12% in response to nicotine
administration. In smokers, mean arterial pressure and heart rate increased
similarly; however, in contrast with non-smokers, ERPF and GFR remained
unchanged whereas urinary cyclic GMP rose by 87±43%. Changes in
ERPF induced by nicotine were positively correlated with changes in urinary
cyclic GMP. Conclusions: These findings indicate that
nicotine administration is associated with renal vasoconstriction in
healthy non-smokers, possibly through alteration of a cyclic-GMP-dependent
vasoactive mechanism. Tolerance to the renal effect of nicotine was
observed in chronic smokers, despite the maintenance of the systemic
response to nicotine. Key words: cyclic GMP; humans;
nicotine; renal haemodynamics; smoking
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Contrasting renal effects of nicotine in smokers and non-smokers
Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Hopital Lapeyromie, F-34295 Montpellier, France; Department of Biochemistry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri Mondor, Creteil, France; Corresponding author
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