Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, Vol 12, Issue 1 111-118, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
D Donati, D Degiannis, E Mazzola, L Gastaldi, J Raskova, K Raska and G Camussi
Background. Biological activity of interleukin-1
(IL-1) depends on the number and type of IL-1 receptors on target cells and
on the amounts of its naturally occurring inhibitor, the IL-1 receptor
antagonist (IL-1ra). Methods. Expression of IL-1
receptor was studied on the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 20
end-stage renal-disease patients maintained by chronic haemodialysis by
means of either polysuphone (10 patients) or cuprophane membranes (10
patients) and compared to that of normal controls. Plasma and cellular
levels of IL-1ra and IL-1{beta} were also measured.
Results. The proportion of monocytes expressing the
IL-1 receptor was strikingly higher in haemodialysis patients than in the
healthy population. This proportion further increased during haemodialysis
with cuprophane but not with polysulphone. Expression of the IL-1 receptor
on lymphocytes was very low in both controls and dialysed patients; in the
latter there was no intradialytic variation. Plasma concentrations of
IL-1{beta} and IL-1ra were elevated in haemodialysis patients and
undetectable in controls. Whereas plasma IL-1{beta} decreased throughout
haemodialysis, IL-1ra further increased, with no significant differences
between the two membranes used. Total cellular IL-1{beta} and IL-1ra
were also higher in the patient group than in the healthy controls. A
further increase of both IL-1{beta} and IL-1ra was detected at the end
of the haemodialysis session with any membrane.
Conclusion. Monocytes of haemodialysis patients
circulate in a state of activation, which makes them both producer and
target of IL-1. Thus there is an autocrine upregulation of IL-1. Although
IL-1ra levels are high, they are most likely to be expression of monocyte
activation rather than represent effective inhibitors of IL-1 activity.
Keywords: haemodialysis; interleukin-1{beta}
interleukin-1 receptor; interleukin-1 receptor antagonist
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Interleukin-1 receptors and receptor antagonist in haemodialysis
Division of Nephrology, General Hospital, Varese, Italy; Laboratory of Immunology, Onassis Center for Cardiac Surgery, Athens, Greece; University Diagnostic Laboratories, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Institute for Molecular Diagnostics and Pathology, St Peter's Medical Center, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Chair of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery of Varese, University of Pavia, Italy; Corresponding author at: Divisione di Nefrologia, Azienda Ospedaliera, viale Borri 57, 21100 Varese, Italy
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