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Nephrol Dial Transplant (1995) 10: 2009-2012
© 1995 European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association

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Acute renal failure in Eastern India

J. Prakash, K. Tripathi1, V. Malhotra1, Om Kumar1 and P. K. Srivastava1

Department of Nephrology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences Patna 1Division of Nephrology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, India

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Correspondence and offprint requests to: Dr Jai Prakash, Commonwealth Medical Fellow, Department of Renal Medicine, St James' University Hospital NHS Trust, Beckett Street, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK

The present study included 426 patients with acute renal failure age range 7 months to 85 years, during 8-year period (1984–1992). Medical, surgical and obstetric causes were responsible for ARF in 68.3, 17.8, and 14% of cases respectively. The main aetiological factors encountered were volume depletion secondary to gastrointestinal fluid loss (35.2%), acute glomerulonephritis (10.3%), nephrotoxin (8.6%), falciparum malaria (4.2%), obstructive uropathy (13%), post-abortal (10.5%), and miscellaneous factors (1.4%) of patients. The overall mortality was 19.2%. Thus our observation revealed that diarrhoeal diseases (35.2%), obstructive uropathy (13.3%), and septic abortion (10.5%) were the main causes for ARF in medical, surgical, and obstetric groups respectively. In contrast to our studies, acute renal failure associated with diarrhoeal diseases, septicaemia, falciparum malaria and septic abortion are rare in European countries.

Keywords: acute renal failure; volume depletion; septic abortion; malaria


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